PERLEMBAGAAN
Tatacara pindaan undang-undang.
1. Walaupun perlembagaan itu sendiri unggul ianya masih tetap boleh dipinda mengikut artikel 159 dan bagi Sabah/Serawak mengikut artikel 161E. Mengikut suruhanjaya Reid yang merangka perlembagaan Malaysia prinsip perlembagaan adalah ` cara pindaan perlembagaan tidaklah terlalu sukar sehingga mengecewakan hasrat eksekutif dan tidak pula terlalu mudah sehingga boleh melemahkan perlindungan yang diberikan kepada perlembagaan itu sendiri`.
2. Terdapat 4 prosedur pindaan:
i. Meluluskan akta pindaan dengan simple majority dewan iaitu 2/3 dari ahli dewan yang hadir. Peruntukan ini seperti atrikel 159 (4) iaitu semua jadual selepas aritkel 183. Agak memeranjatkan prosedur ini terpakai untuk kemasukan negeri baru ke dalam persekutuan seperti artikel 2. Contohnya berlaku pada kes Kerajaan Kelantan Vs Kerajaan Persekutuan Malaya (1963) MLJ 355 di mana kerajaan Kelantan membantah kemasukan Sabah dan Serawak tanpa dirujuk kepada Majlis Raja-raja. Perlu diingat kedua-dua negeri tersebut tidak mempunyai raja. Tetapi sekiranya Brunai yang terdapat raja untuk memasuki Persekutuan ia perlu dirujuk kepada Majlis Raja-raja kerana ia melibat kedudukkan raja-raja Melayu seperti peruntukan artikel 15(5) dan 38(4).
ii. Meluluskan rang undang-undang dan pindaan dengan 2/3 majority ahli dari kedua-dua dewan pada semasa bacaan kali kedua dan ketiga.Tatacara ini terdapat pada artikel 159(3) dan paling biasa dilakukan.
iii. Meluluskan akta pindaan dengan 2/3 majority dari jumlah kedua-dua dewan semasa bacaan kali kedua dan ketiga dengan persetujuan Majlis Raja-Raja.
Peruntukan ini terdapat pada artikel 159(5). Dalam kes Pang Chin Hock V PP (1980) perayu menyatakan tindakan memansuhkan rayuan kepada Privy Caunsel sebagai tidak sah kerana ia tidak dirujuk kepada Majlis Raja-raja. Mahkamah menolak kerana tidak ada peruntukan rayuan boleh dibuat kepara Sultan atau Majlis Raja-raja kecuali kepada YADP.
iv. Meluluskan akta yang disokong oleh 2/3 majority ahli dewan kedua-dua dewan semasa bacaan kali kedua dan ketiga dengan keizinan YDPN Sabah/Serawak seperti peruntukan artikel 161E.
3. 4 ( Empat ) peringkat bacaan
Bacaan kali pertama – bacaan tajuk rang undang-undang.
Bacaan kali kedua – bacaan untuk dibahaskan tentang prisip,kebaikan dan keburukan undan-undang.
Peringkat jawatan kuasa – apabila dibaca kali kedua ianya dibahaskan sekali lagi secara terperinci oleh perigkat jawatan kuasa .
Bacaan kali ketiga - bacaan terkahir untuk di persetujui oleh majlis Parlimen. Setelah diluluskan ianya dimajukan kepada YADP untuk diluluskan dalam masa 30 hari (artikel 66(3) ).
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